Weighing up the causes of obesity

[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 18-Jan-2012
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Contact: Brynjar Foss
brynjar.foss@uis.no
47-518-34182
University of Stavanger

Stress can make you fat and being obese can create stress. A new hypothesis seeks to explain how.

Diet and lack of exercise are not sufficient to explain the worldwide rise in obesity. Stress is one of many other factors which could contribute, according to human biologist Brynjar Foss from the University of Stavanger.

Eating more food high in fat, salt and sugar, combined with reduced physical activity, has been highlighted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the key causes of obesity.

Doctors have therefore prescribed slimming and physical exercise. This is followed up by media and commercial industries which promote training, diet and lifestyle advice.

Cause or consequence?

Brynjar Foss and sports scientist Sindre M Dyrstad have focused attention on this issue with the article Stress in obesity: cause or consequence? published in Medical Hypotheses.

The researchers review a number of studies, which show that weight gain and cortisol (the stress hormone) levels are noticeably higher in people who became fatter because of stress.

"If you have high cortisol, you seem to put on weight more easily," says Foss. He and Dyrstad suggest that stress and obesity reinforce each other through positive feedback.

A vicious circle of stress

Getting fatter can potentially trigger the stress response, which in turn encourages additional weight gain.

"When you go up in weight, your body also comes under stress. That probably has a self-reinforcing effect so you get even fatter," Foss explains.

But dieting can also stimulate cortisol production, which in turn may trigger the stress response and thereby counter the weight loss.

"Should our hypothesis turn out to be correct, it would mean that you'll have to break this stress pattern if you want to halt the weight increase," says Foss.

###



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[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 18-Jan-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Brynjar Foss
brynjar.foss@uis.no
47-518-34182
University of Stavanger

Stress can make you fat and being obese can create stress. A new hypothesis seeks to explain how.

Diet and lack of exercise are not sufficient to explain the worldwide rise in obesity. Stress is one of many other factors which could contribute, according to human biologist Brynjar Foss from the University of Stavanger.

Eating more food high in fat, salt and sugar, combined with reduced physical activity, has been highlighted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the key causes of obesity.

Doctors have therefore prescribed slimming and physical exercise. This is followed up by media and commercial industries which promote training, diet and lifestyle advice.

Cause or consequence?

Brynjar Foss and sports scientist Sindre M Dyrstad have focused attention on this issue with the article Stress in obesity: cause or consequence? published in Medical Hypotheses.

The researchers review a number of studies, which show that weight gain and cortisol (the stress hormone) levels are noticeably higher in people who became fatter because of stress.

"If you have high cortisol, you seem to put on weight more easily," says Foss. He and Dyrstad suggest that stress and obesity reinforce each other through positive feedback.

A vicious circle of stress

Getting fatter can potentially trigger the stress response, which in turn encourages additional weight gain.

"When you go up in weight, your body also comes under stress. That probably has a self-reinforcing effect so you get even fatter," Foss explains.

But dieting can also stimulate cortisol production, which in turn may trigger the stress response and thereby counter the weight loss.

"Should our hypothesis turn out to be correct, it would mean that you'll have to break this stress pattern if you want to halt the weight increase," says Foss.

###



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-01/uos-wut011812.php

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US, Germany, Japan and China are leaders in business innovation; Germany excels at adding new ideas to products

The USA, Germany, Japan and China are leaders where business innovation can flourish, according to a global poll of business executives in 22 countries. Germany is viewed as excelling at adding new ideas to products and its strengths in ?mid-tech? engineering sectors such as machine tools and cars have made it the most self-confident large economy in business innovation. Executives in Israel, United Arab Emirates, Sweden and Singapore reported the highest levels of satisfaction with their country?s innovation environment, while Japan, Russia, Poland and France reported the lowest satisfaction levels. -----To continue reading, subscribe to our premium service-----

Source: http://www.finfacts-premium.com/2012/1373/business_innovation_US_Germany_Japan_China

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DA seeks maximum in NY serial killer's sentencing (AP)

WHITE PLAINS, N.Y. ? New York prosecutors are asking a judge to send a serial killer to prison for the rest of his life.

Sentencing is scheduled Tuesday for 43-year-old Francisco Acevedo. He was found guilty in November of killing three women in Yonkers between 1989 and 1996.

The district attorney is asking for the maximum sentence, 75 years to life.

Acevedo was not suspected in the murders until 2009, when he was in jail on a drunken driving charge and submitted an application for parole. One condition of the application was a DNA sample.

When his DNA hit the state database, investigators saw that it matched DNA found on all three women.

Gov. Andrew Cuomo (KWOH'-moh) has proposed expanding the state's DNA database to include profiles from more criminals, including drunken drivers.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/crime/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120117/ap_on_re_us/us_serial_killings_cold_case

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Islam in Europe: France: Le Pen slams Qatar for investing in French ...

France: Le Pen slams Qatar for investing in French 'Muslim' suburbs

Via AFP:

Far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen on Friday lashed out at Qatar for investing in "Muslim" areas of French cities and for taking over Paris Saint-Germain football club.

"The massive investments which it has made in suburbs are made because of the very high proportion of Muslims who are in the French suburbs," she told reporters.

"I think this situation could be very dangerous," she said. "We are letting a foreign country choose its investments with regard to the religion of this or that part of the French population or of French territory."

(source)

Source: http://islamineurope.blogspot.com/2012/01/france-le-pen-slams-qatar-for-investing.html

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LightSquared's LTE hopes dashed by federal agency report

When it was first mooted that LightSquared's LTE technology might interfere with GPS equipment, the firm was quick to deny it. Since then, the company has tried to mitigate the issue, but the nine agencies making up the National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing Executive Committee (PNT ExComm) all agreed that the problems are real and any attempts at mitigation are futile. This comes only days after Sprint reneged on a resource sharing deal, issuing a further blow to the company's plans for a terrestrial network. LightSquared's reaction is naturally not a happy one, claiming that the testing process is not only flawed, but that the agencies have a bias in favor of the GPS industry. By our reasoning, this only leaves the stage of depression before final acceptance of the grief-ridden situation.

LightSquared's LTE hopes dashed by federal agency report originally appeared on Engadget on Sat, 14 Jan 2012 14:56:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/01/14/lightsquareds-lte-hopes-dashed-by-federal-agency-report/

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4th homeless man in month killed in S. Calif. (AP)

ANAHEIM, Calif. ? Police detained a man in connection with the latest stabbing death of a homeless man in Orange County as a task forced investigated if there were any links to the slayings of three other homeless men, believed to be the work of a serial killer.

The dead man was found between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. Friday near a fast-food restaurant at the intersection of La Palma Avenue and Imperial Highway in Anaheim, police said.

Witnesses followed a man who ran from the restaurant parking lot and led police to him, Anaheim police Deputy Chief Craig Hunter told the Orange County Register. He was taken to the Anaheim Police Department for questioning.

Police set up a massive containment area at the crime scene in a search for the killer and scoured nearby neighborhoods, including a mobile home park, the Los Angeles Times reported.

A task force of law enforcement officers from Anaheim, Placentia, Brea, Orange County Sheriff's Department and the FBI was formed to investigate the killings of three other homeless men found stabbed to death in north Orange County since mid-December.

James Patrick McGillivray, 53, was killed near a shopping center in Placentia on Dec. 20; Lloyd Middaugh, 42, was found near a riverbed trail in Anaheim on Dec. 28; and Paulus Smit, 57, was killed outside a Yorba Linda library on Dec. 30.

Police suspect all three were victims of a serial killer. It was not known if the latest death was connected to the other killings, but the Times said the task force is investigating any possible links.

Authorities did not release any information on the man they took into custody. The Register said they declined to speculate if he was behind the earlier homeless slayings, but Hunter acknowledged that "in a very general sense" he matched the physical description of person suspected in the killings.

Police have released grainy photographs captured from surveillance video that show a male suspect dressed in dark clothing. A white, late-model Toyota Corolla is also a vehicle of interest.

Police and advocates have been urging those living on the streets to head inside or buddy up in the wake of the killings.

Earlier Friday, the Orange County sheriff's deputies union announced a $5,000 reward for information leading to an arrest.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/crime/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120114/ap_on_re_us/us_homeless_homicides

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Elton John vs. Madonna

Madonna walked off with the Golden Globe for best original song Sunday night ? but wasn’t exactly honored by Elton John or his husband. Before the show, Elton John, 64, belittled the 53-year-old’s chances of winning for her song “Masterpiece,” from her directorial effort “W.E.”, telling a red carpet reporter that, “Madonna doesn’t have a [...]

Source: http://www.celebritymound.com/elton-john-vs-madonna/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=elton-john-vs-madonna

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Iran says CIA behind nuclear scientist's killing

Beside a poster of Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, mourners carry a flag draped coffin of Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, who was killed in a brazen daylight assassination when two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to his car Wednesday, in his funeral ceremony, on Friday, Jan. 13, 2012, in Tehran, Iran. Thousands of mourners chanted "Death to Israel" and "Death to America" on Friday during the funeral of a slain nuclear expert whom Iranian officials accuse the two nations of killing in a bomb blast this week as part of a secret operation to stop Iran's nuclear program. (AP Photo/Iranian Students News Agency, Mehdi Ghasemi)

Beside a poster of Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, mourners carry a flag draped coffin of Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, who was killed in a brazen daylight assassination when two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to his car Wednesday, in his funeral ceremony, on Friday, Jan. 13, 2012, in Tehran, Iran. Thousands of mourners chanted "Death to Israel" and "Death to America" on Friday during the funeral of a slain nuclear expert whom Iranian officials accuse the two nations of killing in a bomb blast this week as part of a secret operation to stop Iran's nuclear program. (AP Photo/Iranian Students News Agency, Mehdi Ghasemi)

Iranians on Friday, Jan. 13, 2012 carry the flag draped coffin of Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan,a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, who was killed in a brazen daylight assassination when two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to his car Wednesday in Tehran. Thousands of mourners chanted "Death to Israel" and "Death to America" on Friday during the funeral of a slain nuclear expert whom Iranian officials accuse the two nations of killing in a bomb blast this week as part of a secret operation to stop Iran's nuclear program. (AP Photo/Mehr News Agency, Mojtaba Heidari)

Iranians on Friday, Jan. 13, 2012 carry the flag draped coffin of Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan , a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, who was killed in a brazen daylight assassination when two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to his car Wednesday in Tehran. Thousands of mourners chanted "Death to Israel" and "Death to America" on Friday during the funeral of the slain nuclear expert whom Iranian officials accuse the two nations of killing in a bomb blast this week as part of a secret operation to stop Iran's nuclear program. (AP Photo/Mehr News Agency, Mojtaba Heidari)

This undated photo released by Iranian Fars News Agency, claims to show Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, who they say was killed in a bomb blast in Tehran, Iran, on Wednesday, Jan. 11, 2012, next to his son. Two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to the car of an Iranian university professor working at a key nuclear facility, killing him and his driver Wednesday, reports said. The slayings suggest a widening covert effort to set back Iran's atomic program. The blast killed Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, state TV reported. (AP Photo/Fars News Agency)

This undated photo released by Iranian Fars News Agency, claims to show Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, who they say was killed in a bomb blast in Tehran, Iran, on Wednesday, Jan. 11, 2012. Two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to the car of an Iranian university professor working at a key nuclear facility, killing him and his driver Wednesday, reports said. The slayings suggest a widening covert effort to set back Iran's atomic program. The blast killed Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan, a chemistry expert and a director of the Natanz uranium enrichment facility in central Iran, state TV reported. (AP Photo/Fars News Agency)

(AP) ? Iran said Saturday it has evidence that the United States was behind the assassination of an Iranian nuclear scientist this week in Tehran, state media reported.

Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan was killed in a brazen daylight assassination Wednesday when two assailants on a motorcycle attached a magnetic bomb to his car in the Iranian capital. The killing bore a strong resemblance to earlier killings of scientists working on the Iranian nuclear program, and has prompted calls in Iran for retaliation against those deemed responsible.

The IRNA state news agency said Saturday that Iran's Foreign Ministry has sent a diplomatic letter to the U.S. saying that it has "evidence and reliable information" that the CIA provided "guidance, support and planning" to assassins "directly involved" in Roshan's killing.

The U.S. has denied any role in the assassination.

Iran delivered the letter to the Swiss Embassy in Tehran, which looks after U.S. interests in the country. Iran and the U.S. have had no diplomatic relations since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

IRNA also reported that Iran delivered a letter to Britain accusing London of having an "obvious role" in the killing. It said that a series of assassinations began after British intelligence chief John Sawers hinted in 2010 at intelligence operations against the Islamic Republic.

British media have quoted Sawers as saying that intelligence-led operations were needed to make it more difficult for countries like Iran to develop nuclear weapons.

Britain's Foreign Office has condemned the killing of civilians. Israeli officials, in contrast, have hinted at covert campaigns against Iran without directly admitting involvement.

The killing has sparked outrage in Iran, and state TV broadcast footage Saturday of hundreds of students marching in Tehran to condemn Roshan's death and calling for the continuation of the country's disputed nuclear program.

The U.S. and its allies fear Iran's program aims to develop nuclear weapons. Iran denies the charges, and says its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes only.

In the clearest sign yet that Iran is preparing to strike back for Roshan's killing, Gen. Masoud Jazayeri, the spokesman for Iran's Joint Armed Forces Staff, was quoted by the semiofficial ISNA news agency Saturday as saying that Tehran was "reviewing the punishment" of "behind-the-scene elements" involved in the assassination.

"Iran's response will be a tormenting one for supporters of state terrorism," he said, without elaborating. "The enemies of the Iranian nation, especially the United States, Britain and the Zionist regime, or Israel, have to be held responsible for their activities."

Jazayeri also accused the International Atomic Energy Agency of being partially to blame, saying that the U.N. nuclear watchdog made public a list of Iranian nuclear scientists and officials that "has provided the possibility of their identification and targeting by spy networks."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-01-14-Iran-Nuclear/id-addd55c290b545ce99097b3d96c33a3f

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Harbaugh stunned by San Francisco victory (Reuters)

SAN FRANCISCO (Reuters) ? Jim Harbaugh, the first year coach of the San Francisco 49ers, could not disguise his delight after watching his team beat the New Orleans Saints 36-32 in a thrilling NFL playoff on Saturday.

A former NFL quarterback with the Chicago Bears and Indianapolis Colts, Harbaugh had already experienced many highs and lows in the game but he had no doubt this was something unique.

"That was special, I don't know if there was anything better than that, I can't remember winning a game in such a spectacular fashion as this one," he said after the 49ers triumphed following four lead changes in a dramatic final four minutes.

"Both teams made plays, we knew it would be that kind of game and that there would be ebb and flow but that we would prevail and make more plays - and our guys executed it," he said.

San Francisco's defense, ranked number one in the NFC, triumphed against the top rated offense in the entire league, producing five turnovers and restricting quarterback Drew Brees, particularly in the early parts of the game.

"They got some spectacular stops, on third down they were outstanding, they got five takeaways ... they very opportunistic and got pressure on their quarterback and made plays on the ball and our guys in the secondary made them.

"It was a terrific job by our defense once again, you just love the way they compete and work hard on the field," he said.

Harbaugh was also full of praise for quarterback Alex Smith who threw for three touchdowns and 299 yards and tight end Vernon Davis who collected on two of those touchdowns, including the superbly executed game winner.

"I thought Alex played really boldly, it might be time to give him a little credit, it was a spectacular performance by him," Harbaugh said.

"We put things in his and our offenses' hands and they really did a great job, learning this game plan and then going out there and executing it."

Saints head coach Sean Payton said the 49ers defense caused his team problems but losing in the final few seconds made it hard to take.

"It is a real good front seven, they can apply pressure with the pass rush," he said.

"It was a good, hard fought game, it is disappointing to lose but both teams played hard, it certainly wasn't a perfect game.

"But it is hard when you get that close and it slips away, it is difficult."

(Reporting by Simon Evans in Miami; Editing by Julian Linden)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/sports/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20120115/sp_nm/us_nfl_playoffs49ers_quotes

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